SGI Irix, HP-UX, SunOS, Linux and Windows

Key Features
• Easy to use
  Amira provides more than 120 modules to visualize, analyze and process your data, including: slices (orthogonal/oblique), pseudo-coloring on arbitrary surfaces, colorwash display, isosurfaces on tetrahedral and hexahedral grids, direct volume rendering, line probe/point probe, 2D-plotting facilities, illuminated field lines, line integral convolution, view-dependent depth-sorted transparency, data type conversion, reconstruction of non-manifold surfaces from 3D image data, surface simplification, registration/matching of 3D images... Amira contains fewer but more powerful modules than e.g. AVS or IRIS Explorer. This makes Amira easier to use while still preserving the flexibility of a modular system. In addition, it provides automatic file format detection, easy geometry handling; 3D viewers are tightly integrated into the base system.
• Easy and fast 3D interaction
  The software design makes fast 3D interaction possible. Parameters, like slice numbers or orientations of cutting planes, can be adjusted directly by clicking into the diplayed geometry. Interactive transformation of objects (scale, rotation) and editing of 3D objects are done interactively in real time. Thereby the user can achieve results much faster than with other visualization packages. Amira is the only modular visualization system which enables you to use the full set of Open Inventor interaction techniques.
• Powerful visualization techniques
  Innovative and interactive visualization techniques are provided that allow the users to explore the data very quickly. Images produced with Amira are of high quality. Physically correct transparencies, pseudo-coloring via texture maps, optional vertex normal, stencil-buffering, and many more advanced computer graphics techniques ensure this.
• Extensible
  The object-oriented open design of the system allows for easy creation of new data types, modules, and I/O methods. Develop your own extensions with the Amira Developer Edition, or contact our experts for special purpose solutions.
• Image segmentation and 3D reconstruction
  Amira provides a powerful interactive toolbox for image segmentation (image filters can be applied interactively, no network editing required). For example, Amira provides unique algorithms for generation of topologically consistent triangular and tetrahedral grids.
• Rich set of segmentation tools
  Amira provides a special component especially designed for 3D image segmentation. This editor offers a large set of segmentation tools such as manual contouring (lasso), manual painting (brush), intelligent scissors for semi-automatic contouring, contour-optimization via snakes, thresholding, 2D/3D region growing, interpolation and extrapolation of contours, plus intuitive labeling operators.
• Truly object-oriented design
  Powerful data classes; easy-to-extend, standard modules work for customized, user-defined data types; both, direct data access and procedural data interfaces are provided; Tcl-command language; very flexible modules
• Flexible combinations
  Amira allows the user to visualize an arbitrary number of data sets at once. Different visualization techniques may be freely combined in a single 3D view, or multiple viewers may be used to analyze and compare different data sets. Different visualization modules can be tightly coupled, e.g. slicing modules are able to clip the geometry of any other module, or may operate on the same slice without z-buffer fighting.
• Animation sequences
  Animation sequences can be generated easily with Amira and can be integrated into technical and marketing documents, presentations, local HTML files, remote URLs or on-line training. An easy-to-use camera path editor is included.
• Digital Image Filters
  Amira includes Gaussian blur, median filter, unsharp masking, contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization, and noise reduction filters.

• Sun Microsystems SPARCstations.
• Silicon Graphics Indy, Indigo 2, and Challenge.
• Hewlett Packard 9000/700 Series, 720, 735.
• International Business Machines RS/6000 Series.
• Digital Equipment Corporation Alpha Series.
• IBM PC Compatibles (LINUX).

BrainVoyager is a highly optimized and user friendly software package for the analysis and visualization of functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging data sets. The figure above shows surface rendered views of reconstructed heads and brains. These 3D reconstructions were performed with BrainVoyager based on high-resolution T1-weighted sagittal brain images.

Highlights
Extremely fast and highly optimized 2D and 3D analysis and visualization routines
Standard and advanced volume-based statistical analysis methods
Integration of volume and surface rendering with powerful tools for creation of high-quality figures and movies
Advanced methods for automatic brain segmentation, surface reconstruction, cortex inflation and flattening
Surface-based statistical data analysis and inter-subject alignment based on gyral / sulcal pattern
Creation ("seeding") and visualization of EEG / MEG multiple dipole models (with BESA 99)
Multi-processor support, open architecture including scripting and automation support
Programmable with all major computer languages (i.e. C/C++, VB, Java) through COM-based dual interfaces
Comprehensive solution embodied in a single program

• Windows 2000/NT/9x

etdips( exploratory Three Dimensional Image Processing System )

• Win 2000/NT/9x based system for 3D image visualization and analysis
• Fast Ray Cast, Hybrid, MIP, X-Ray Volume Rendering
• Iso-surface extraction and Surface Rendering
• Real-time volume rendering using the Mitsubishi RT-Viz vg500 real-time volume rendering card
• Key-frame based Animation capability
• Plug-in support for extedinbility (existing plugins for Segmentation, Landmark placement and vessel path extraction from MRA data)
• Collaboration support for multi-user environment
• Supported I/O
  
  Input:
  • DICOM 3.0,
  • Raw [8-bit, 16-bit, endian control, signed/unsigned, RGB (24-bit: Ideal for microscopy), RGBA (24+16bit alpha: Ideal for Visible Human or segmented datasets)],
  • Raw Image Stack with option header skip,
  • TIFF image stack, BMP image stack,
  • MIRA (custom) volume image format,
  • ANALYZE 7.5

  
  Output:

• Raw (8bit, 16bit),
• MIRA (8-bit, 16-bit),
• Raw Image Stack,
• ANALYZE 7.5.
  
  
• Easy to use interface for specification of Rotation, Lighting, VOI, Transfer functions, Insight View, Oblique cuts, Rendering method.
• Multi-planar viewing and navigation
• Mail, Save, Print images/screens
• Multi-volume support
• MATLAB-like console interface for multi-volume analysis, mathematical operations, filtering, masking, resizing, etc.
• Backgrond Color

Screen Shots: See attached PDF file

• User friendly application.
• Status display of any changes made to image/Data volume.
• Correlation function available: measure of the goodness of fit between the working and reference image.
• Supports Zoom function. Magnification from 0% to 300%
• Ability to Rotate and Translate the Working image/slice.
• 4 different view modes: Normal, Active, Cycle, and Reference.
• Ability to use previously aligned Datasets.
• Auto Align functions available. Either Active or Volume.
• Ability to save Data volume.
• Alignment Utility functions/Options available.
• Active/Reference Slice Intensity.
• Negate Images.
• Enable Stack Rotation.
• Reference Slice Control.
• Point Alignment mode.

Imaris is a high quality software package to process and visualize 3D images. It has been designed to accept most microscopic images and it offers a range of functions to accurately process microscopic images.

IMOD is a set of image processing, modeling and display programs used for 3D reconstruction of EM serial sections, tomographic sections and optical sections.

PC-VolumeViewer customizes volume rendering for the personal computer. Designed for the unconventional priorities and constraints of consumer software, with outstanding performance and effective capabilities, PC-VolumeViewer provides a strong solution for medical multimedia.

A few medical multimedia products include triangle rendering features. Standard tools and support from 3d-acceleration hardware make this a tempting technology, but memory inefficiency drastically limits its usefulness for medical imaging. Triangle models represent some materials poorly, are costly to create, and cannot scale up to handle enough anatomy. Triangle rendering is not specialized for the demands of medical imaging.

Volumetric data formats and techniques are able to hold millions of voxels in memory and display them quickly. PC-VolumeViewer uses a new approach to volume rendering, which does not rely on the memory and performance of advanced workstations. PC-VolumeViewer provides speed for interactive volume rendering, memory efficiency for useful medical imaging, and features for effective consumer software.

• Target platform is an entry level Pentium with 16 megabytes of memory, running Windows 95/NT.
• Interactive volume rendering with 2.5d perspective projection.
• Voxel shading supports translucent materials, multiple lightsources and specular highlighting.
• Translucent materials may be disabled for very fast opaque rendering.
• Voxel materials use 24-bit color and 8-bit opacity, with an independent material palette for each classification.
• Internal color arithmetic is 48-bit, for high quality effects and blending.
• Load millions of voxels into memory at only 2 to 3 bytes each.
• Mix high- and low-resolution data within a volume for effective run-time management of available memory.
• A simple API for managing viewports, volumes and data classifications.
• View shared or independent volumes through one or more viewports. Separate control over viewer, lighting and pixel format in each viewport. Render subsection of viewport for quick update of individual data classifications.
• Conveniently manage volume data as classified groups of voxels. Dynamically add and remove classifications from an open volume. Control classification opacity and materials.
• Highly optimized for Pentium with hand-crafted assembler. Specialized support for 486 integer math and Pentium FPU math, with fast MMX version on the way

• Sun Sparc running Solaris 2.5 or later.
• SGI IRIX 6.x
• i86 PC running LINUX (Red Hat 5.2 and above)
• Power PC Mac running LINUX-PPC (1999)

MRVision is a high-end image display and processing program offering state-of-the-art analysis and visualization functions to realize the latest advances in medical imaging.

Applications

• Biomedical & non-medical MRI and CT
• Magnetic Resonance Neuroimaging
• f-MRI brain activation mapping
• Diffusion / Perfusion mapping
• T2 / T1 mapping

Features

• Intuitive, mouse driven interface
• No programming required
• Multiple image display
• Single touch image magnify / pan
• Interactive window / level
• Cine mode (movies)
• Image math
• Regions-of-interest (ROI) / profiles
• Image synthesis / functional overlays
• Many built-in image processing operations
• Export function to MAC/PC or PostScript printer.

Minimum software requirements:
inventor_eoe Inventor Execution Only Environment, 2.1.2, or later
IRIX 6.2 or later

Journal reference and full description of the software: Navigational aids for virtual bronchoscopy, AJR 1997.

Resolution's RESLabsª data processing center converts samples of your tissue or other material into highly accurate DVI datasets that you can analyze at your laboratory on our high performance RESViewª Workstation.

On RESLab's DVI systems, 3D structures such as biological tissues, paper and textile fibers, and a variety of other commercially important materials are converted into high fidelity data at micron level resolution. RESLab micro-imaging of cubic millimeters of material greatly extends the capabilities of conventional microanalysis techniques, allowing for the first time the integrated 2D and 3D quantitative analysis of large volumes of material. Resolution is currently providing its unique data products to a variety of corporate research groups in Fortune 500 biopharmaceutical and consumer products companies.

• Hardware

  Intel Pentium, Pentium II, Pentium III and compatible processors with MMX extensions
  Minimum RAM of 256MB recommended.

Industry standard color monitors and graphics cards offering various resolutions up to and including 1200 x 1600

• Software

  Microsoft Windows 95, 98 and NT 4.0 Network

  Application software is DICOM ready as Query/Retrieve Service Class User (SCU) and a Storage Service Class Provider (SCP) as specified in the productís DICOM Conformance Statement Compaq Tru64 UNI

• extremely quick full volume images with 3D views of different levels of tissue transparency
• sophisticated any-angle cross sectional images providing the radiologist with the ability to slice the anatomy at natural angles, rather than the arbitrary ones produced by the scanning technology
• simplicity of use
• image e-mail for fast transmission of images between, for instance, radiologists in image centres and referring doctors
• economic benefit over other solutions
• supports Digital Image Communications in Medicine (DICOM) industry standard

With SURFdriver, creating complicated objects from 2-D images is fast and easy. Just trace the outline of the desired object on each 2-D image, and SURFdriver does the rest! It's easy to get professional-looking objects with a minimum of fuss.

Any serial images can be used to make a reconstruction. Use your own images from CT/MRI, histological sections, CAD software, diagrams, or purchase SURFdriver VH or SURFdriver VH+, and use the included full color sections and CT/MRI images of an entire human body at 1 mm divisions from the Visible Human dataset to reconstruct your area of interest.

Using SURFdriver's new texture rendering, it's easy to make professional images without any additional software. Or you can export your SURFdriver objects to other 3D programs for final rendering, using two widely-used 3D formats, DXF and IGES. You can even view objects in stereoscopic 3D with the included 3D glasses!

SURFdriver's interface makes your reconstructions easy! Powerful tools like the Magic Wand and Object Tracing make contouring fast and easy. And the smoothing function means that even roughly-traced objects can come out looking clean and professional.

Retrieve image data over a network
Select from a gallery of 2D and/or 3D views
Navigate interactively with a volume in real time
Annotate, edit, segment, tag and snapshot selected views
Create a multimedia patient report
Output reports to standard film or paper printers
Post to a secure Intranet server
Return to any Vitrea 2 work-in-progress for continued review and evaluation, using the Save Workflow feature.

Related Products:

VScore, an option for VitreaÆ 2, is a simple, fast and affordable solution for coronary artery calcification scoring.

VoxelViewÆ is an advanced visualization software package, designed to meet the needs of academic and research users.

VIDA® (Spanish for life), a comprehensive package for the manipulation, display, and analysis of multidimensional image data sets. Physiologic-based research has traditionally involved highly invasive techniques which may alter the very function being studied. Since the first dynamic volumetric studies were done in the early 1980's on the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR), there has been a surge of interest in volumetric and dynamic imaging using a number of tomographic techniques. Knowledge gained in handling DSR image data has been transferred to other volumetric imaging and dynamic imaging quantitation including cine and spiral CT, MR, and PET which led to our development of VIDA®.

VIDA® is written in C, runs under the UNIX operating system, and uses the XView toolkit to conform to the Open Look graphical user interface specification. VIDA®'s shared memory structure allows for the manipulation of multiple image data sets simultaneously. The windowing environment allows execution of multiple processes at once. Available programs include: orthogonal sectioning, oblique sectioning, volume rendering, surface rendering, region of interest analysis, conventional cardiac mechanics analysis, homogeneous strain analysis, tissue blood flow evaluation, interactive image segmentation and editing, algebraic image manipulation, and more. VIDA® is built modularly, allowing new programs to be developed and integrated easily. An emphasis has been placed upon image quantitation for the purpose of physiological evaluation.

• Silicon Graphics workstations with IRIX 5.x or later. Multiple CPUs are used when present.
• IBM RS/6000 workstations with AIX 3 or later. OpenGL-based 3-D hardware is supported.
• Sun workstations with SunOS 5.x or later.
• HP workstations with HP-UX A.09.01 or later. PEX-based 3-D hardware is supported.
• DEC Alpha workstations with OSF/1 V1.3 or later.
• IBM PC compatibles with Linux v1.2 or later. 90MHz Pentium or faster CPU recommended.
• Windows NT running on Intel.
• OS/2 running on Intel.

Vis5D is a software system for visualizing data made by numerical weather
models and similar sources. Vis5D works on data in the form of a five-
dimensional rectangle. That is, the data are real numbers at each point of a
"grid" which spans three space dimensions, one time dimension and a dimension
for enumerating multiple physical variables. Of course, Vis5D works perfectly
well on data sets with only one variable, one time step (i.e. no time dynamics)
or one vertical level. However, your data grids should have at least two rows
and columns.

The major new feature of Vis5D version 5.0 is support for comparing
multiple data sets. This extra data can be incorporated at run-time as a list
of *.v5d files or imported at anytime after Vis5D is running. Data can be
overlaid in the same 3-D display and/or viewed side-by-side spread sheet style.
Data sets that are overlaid are aligned in space and time. In the spread sheet
style, multiple displays can be linked. Once linked, the time steps from all
data sets are merged and the controls of the linked displays are synchronized.

The Vis5D system includes the vis5d visualization program, several programs
for managing and analyzing five-dimensional data grids, and instructions and
sample source code for converting your data into its file format. We have
included the Vis5D source code so you can modify it or write new programs. We
have also included sample data sets from the LAMPS model and from Bob
Schlesinger's thunderstorm model, so you can work through our examples.

The MK Toolkit provides programmers with an easy, object-oriented way to develop complex 3D interactive applications. A 3D interactive application involves the complex interplay of three kinds of objects: volumetric objects, virtual tools and 3D widgets. The user controls directly the virtual tools, which in turn operate on volumetric objects and on 3D widgets contained in the virtual tool panel. The 3D widgets trigger the activation of virtual tools and control the parameters of the application. Most importantly, the MK Toolkit provides predefined virtual tools (volume cutter, voxel eraser, rotator, contour and tube segmentation tools, etc), predefined 3D widgets (slider, buttons, curve controls), so that programmers can draw from this pool resource and quickly start building applications. All this is seamlessly integrated in the Dextroscope: the virtual tool panel is an integral part of the 3D environment and displayed and interacted in 3D space.

Equally important, the MK Toolkit provides a real-time cross-platform Volume Rendering module. Cross-platform over the Windows NT and SGI Unix operating systems is achieved by supporting hardware-accelerated 2D and 3D texture technology, respectively. The volume rendering module provides multimodality fusion (so that overlapping data sets can be seen simultaneously as a single object), supports two-byte per voxel data to preserve maximum resolution, and 4096 simultaneous colors from a palette of 16 million. Summarizing, the MK Toolkit offers two unique features:

a comprehensive virtual tool set and its corresponding virtual tool control panel
an optimized, real-time multimodality volume rendering display algorithm that is cross-platform.

VizPack: Visualization Package
Based on the MK Toolkit, Volume Interactions has developed a visualization package named VizPack. This application provides most of the generic virtual tools needed to work with volumes: it enables loading, manual inspection of multimodal data, segmentation and final storage on disk. VizPack helps all customers that do not require highly customized applications for their problem solving due to the nature of their work process.

Real-time Volume Rendering Board for WindowsNT, Solaris, IRIX and Linux (June 2000)

VolumePro enables the user to effortlessly move through true 3D volume data in real-time. The VolumePro architecture employs a ray-casting algorithm, which shoots rays through a volume object from each pixel in the image. It tri-linearly interpolates samples along each ray, provides complex shading calculations and color assignments at the sample points, which are then accumulated into the final pixel colors.
Feature Highlights
Renders a 2563 Volume in Real-time
First single-chip Real-time volume rendering engine
128MB (VolumePro 500) or 256MB (VolumePro 500-2X) of volume memory
Real-time parameter changes (point of view shading)

VolumePro 500 Software Developers Kit - for WindowsNT,
Solaris, IRIX and Linux (June 2000).

The goal of the VolumePro SDK is to bundle all the software and documentation into a single complete package that will allow application developers a one stop shopping experience. The package contains a CD-ROM with the API or the Volume Library Interface (.lib, .dll, .h, .hlp, .pdf) files, volume graphics board driver, demonstration applications from AVS, Kitware and Mitsubishi, mapper source code, Solaris, IRIX and WindowsNT installation drivers, board diagnostics, data sets and color maps, VLI Interface User's Guide and VolumePro Release Notes.

VolView is a general-purpose volume visualization application developed by Kitware for Windows 95/98/NT and Unix platforms. VolView provides a multi-resolution, multi-processing ray casting method for accurate rendering, or can be used in conjunction with 2D hardware texture mapping or the VolumePro volume rendering hardware to obtain interactive rendering rates on low-cost platforms for a variety of application areas including biomedical visualization, simulation, and volume graphics.

VolView 1.1 contains a rich set of volume visualization features including: Maximum/minimum intensity and composite rendering.
Preset transfer functions and material properties.
Preset transfer functions and material properties.
Easy-to-use transfer function and material editors.
Specular / diffuse shading with multiple light sources.
Powerful cropping and cut plane tools.
Intermixed 3D cursor displayed as crosshairs / planes.
Orthogonal and oblique reformat views.
Annotation including text, axes, and scalar bars.
Scripting capabilities to automate repeated tasks, create animation sequences, and access the underlying visualization system - The Visualization Toolkit (VTK).

VolVis is a volume visualization system that unites numerous visualization methods within a comprehensive visualization system, providing a flexible tool for the scientist and engineer as well as the visualization developer and researcher.

Diversity:
VolVis supplies a wide range of functionality with numerous methods provided within each functional component. For example, VolVis provides various projection methods including ray casting, ray tracing, radiosity, Marching Cubes, and splatting.

Ease of use:
The VolVis user interface is organized into functional components, providing an easy to use visualization system. One advantage of this approach over data-flow systems is that the user does not have to learn how to link numerous modules in order to perform a task.
Extensibility:
The structure of the VolVis system is designed to allow a visualization programmer to easily add new representations and algorithms. For this purpose, an extensible and hierarchical abstract model was developed [Avila et al. 1992] which contains definitions for all objects in the system.

Portability:
The VolVis system, written in C, is highly portable, running on most Unix workstations supporting X/Motif. The system has been tested on Silicon Graphics, Sun, Hewlett-Packard, Digital Equipment Corporation, and IBM workstations and PCs running Linux.

Freely available:
The high cost of most visualization systems and difficulties in obtaining their source code often lead researchers to write their own tools for specific visualization tasks. VolVis is freely available as source code to not-for-profit organizations. There is a small fee for for-profit organizations.

VolVis Future:
The VisLab is committed to continuing research and support of VolVis. Currently, we are doing research and development to extend VolVis funcionality, usability and stability. Lots of new features are expected to be incorporated within the next year: like support for irregular grids, parallel rendering, and flow visualization.

VOXEL-MAN is a comprehensive system for volume visualisation of medical image data like computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It consists of three main components: visualisation module for high quality rendering segmentation module a semantic network knowledge base system The development of a first version started in 1986. The present program system (420 000 lines of C code) incorporates the results of ten years of research and development work. It runs under UNIX on all major workstations and under LINUX also on high end PC's.

VoxelView is a powerful, comprehensive and interactive volume rendering program that manipulates and displays volume data from a wide variety of medical imaging sources. With VoxelView, users can visualize, analyze and manipulate large and complex 3D data sets on general-purpose workstations with industry-leading speed and efficiency.

An Important element of Vital Images' product line, VoxelView allows the user to manage the scientific data workflow from pre-processing to presentation. Its advanced volume rendering algorithms provide users with a high-speed volume visualization and analysis system that is highly intuitive and delivers instant visual feedback.

VoxelView is easy to learn, yet very sophisticated. Users can quickly adjust the displayed image with VoxelView's simple-to-operate, mouse-driven user interface. Every function of the program can be accessed by simply pointing to and clicking on menu items. In addition, VoxelView is completely modularized so each function runs independently; giving users increased flexibility, and permitting developers to interface with other software programs.

The graphics model in VTK is at a higher level of abstraction than rendering libraries like OpenGL or PEX. This means it is much easier to create useful graphics and visualization applications. In VTK applications can be written directly in C++, Tcl, Java, or Python. In fact, using the interpreted languages Tcl or Python with Tk, and even Java with its GUI class libraries, it is possible to build useful applications really, really fast.

Finally, the software is a true visualization system, it doesn't just let you visualize geometry. VTK supports a wide variety of visualization algorithms including scalar, vector, tensor, texture, and volumetric methods; and advanced modeling techniques like implicit modelling, polygon reduction, mesh smoothing, cutting, contouring, and Delaunay triangulation. Moreover, we have directly integrated dozens of imaging algorithms into the system so you can mix 2D imaging / 3D graphics algorithms and data.

Our goal is to make the software easy enough for any computer literate person to use. This includes students, academicians, software developers, data analysts, hobbyists, graphics and visualization users/researchers, engineers, scientists, and researchers. And you have a choice: if you hate C++, then use Tcl, Python, or Java.

Although VTK is freely available, commercial support is available from . Dozens of other companies, ranging from large US Government research labs to small firms selling custom postprocessors, use VTK. Also, VTK is widely used in academia for research and in courses on visualization and graphics.

• Pentium class CPU or better
• Windows NT, Windows 95 or later
• 32 MB RAM minimum (128MB or more RAM recommended for better performance doing rendering and deconvolution of large images)
• 5MB for software and enough hard disk space for your 3D images and memory swapping
• 16-bit or higher color display

3D-DOCTOR's vector-based tools support easy image data handling, measurement and analysis. The maximum entropy based 3D deconvolution generates the best quality image restoration for microscopy imaging applications. If you are a power user, the 3DBasic scripting language will let you create your own Basic-like sophisticated programs using 3D-DOCTOR's advanced imaging and rendering functions quickly.

Get 3D-DOCTOR toady and create 3D rendering right from your own desktop.

• Sun UltraSPARC workstations running operating system Solaris 2.6 and OpenGL 1.2
• PCs running Windows98 or WindowsNT. (It has not been tested on Windows2000.)
• Since we give out all source code, users can compile it for other platforms such as Linux and SGI.

The 3D Slicer is freely available, open-source software for visualization, registration, segmentation, and quantification of medical data. The 3D Slicer is a software tool for:

• Guiding biopsies and craniotomies in the operating room
• Offering diagnostic visualization and surgical planning in the clinic
• Facilitating research into brain shift and volumetric studies in the lab

The 3D Slicer uniquely integrates several facets of image-guided medicine into a single environment. It provides capabilities for automatic registration (aligning data sets), semi-automatic segmentation (extracting structures such as vessels and tumors from the data), generation of 3D surface models (for viewing the segmented structures), 3D visualization, and quantitative analysis (measuring distances, angles, surface areas, and volumes) of various medical scans.

The image to the left was created by segmenting an anatomical MR scan to form 3D surface models of the skin and tumor (green). Functional MR data was segmented to build models of the motor cortex (yellow), auditory verb generation (red), and visual verb generation (blue). All these surface models are integrated in a 3D view along with 3 slices through the MR images. The slices are also shown in 2D views at the bottom. Note that the functional data is overlaid in color on the anatomical data.

We integrated the 3D Slicer with an open MR scanner to augment intra-operative imaging with a full array of pre-operative data. The same analysis previously reserved for pre-operative data can now be applied to exploring the anatomical changes as the surgery progresses. Surgical instruments are tracked and used to drive the location of reformatted slices. Real-time scans are visualized as slices in the same 3D view along with the pre-operative slices and surface models. The system has been applied in over 20 neurosurgical cases at Brigham and Women's Hospital, and continues to be routinely used for 1-2 cases per week.

• SGI O2, IRIX

3DVirtuoso displays the human anatomy as a three-dimensional volume, providing the complete information needed for medical evaluation. Each three-dimensional study is presented in real time with interactive features never before seen in the industry. 3D Virtuoso eliminates the need for conventional image reformatting to obtain diagnosis.

Diagnose With Interactive Editing Offering innovative Interactive Editing, 3DVirtuoso can hide anatomies within 3D volumes, permitting unobstructed views of the area of interest. "Hidden" objects can be instantly re-displayed.

3DVirtuoso guarantees optimal diagnostic and aesthetic image quality by using Volume Rendering, CT and MR Angiography, Multi-Planar Reconstruction and Shading visualization tools. Each tool is available in monochrome or color to aid in tissue determination.

Designed with staging and pre-surgical planning tasks in mind, 3DVirtuoso provides tools that measure distances and angles from various points inside a 3D volume.

Visualize the inside of anatomies like the bronchi, colon or vessels using Virtual Endoscopy. Simply choose an entry point on the 3D view and fly right through - with no image editing necessary.